Anomic Aphasia
Anomic aphasia (also known as dysnomia, nominal aphasia, and amnesic aphasia) is a type of aphasia where an individual has
consistent inability to produce words for things that they want to talk about (particularly nouns and verbs). Anomia is a deficit
of expressive language. The most pervasive deficit in the aphasias is anomia. Some level of anomia is seen in all of the aphasias.
Overview
Anomic aphasia (anomia) is a type of aphasia characterized by problems recalling words, names, and numbers. Speech is fluent and
receptive language is not impaired in someone with anomic aphasia. Subjects often use circumlocutions (speaking in a roundabout way)
in order to avoid a name they cannot recall or to express a certain word they cannot remember. Sometimes the subject can recall the
name when given clues. Additionally, patients are able to speak with correct grammar; the main problem is finding the appropriate word
to identify an object or person.
Sometimes subjects may know what to do with an object, but still not be able to give a name to the object. For example, if a subject is
shown an orange and asked what it is called, the subject may be well aware that the object can be peeled and eaten, and may even be
able to demonstrate this by actions or even verbal responses – however, they cannot recall that the object is called an "orange."
Sometimes, when a person with this condition is multilingual, they might confuse the language they are speaking in trying to find
the right word (inadvertent code-switching).
Types
There are three main types of anomia:
- Word selection anomia occurs when the patient knows how to use an object and can correctly select the target object from a group
of objects, and yet cannot name the object. Some patients with word selection anomia may exhibit selective impairment in naming
particular types of objects, such as animals or colors. In the subtype known as color anomia, the patient can distinguish between
colors but cannot identify them by name or name the color of an object. The patients can separate colors into categories, but they cannot name them.
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Life with anomic aphasia
This disorder may be extremely frustrating for people with and without the disorder. Although the person with anomic aphasia knows the
specific word, they may not be able to recall it and this can be very difficult for everyone in the conversation. However, it is important
to be patient and work with the person...
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